THE BIG BANG
CREATOR OF UNIVERSE: THE BIG BANG.
Even after disclosing several hundred and lakhs of questions, the main Big ‘B’ like question: How did the Universe came into existence is still worrying our intelligent scientists. This question is like that old question: Whether the chicken came first or the egg???
This topic had been a controversial factor for discussion since the middle of 17th century, when Bishop Usher, the religious leader of Ireland proposed his philosophical idea about the creation of Universe. According to him, ‘God’ did the creation of Universe on a fixed date and time. This fixed moment was 23rd October 4004 BC, the day was Sunday and the time was 9:00 AM. The Universe presented itself from zero suddenly like ‘instant coffee’. Planets, stars, galaxies, constellations and other cosmological bodies came into existence as suddenly as a flame of candle does. Life also evolved on the earth at that time only.
Don’t you think it is absurd? Yes, it is nothing more than a science fiction. But when Bishop Usher gave this humorous description about Universe, the people accepted it without any argument and understanding.
The answer to the question that Bishop Usher gave within few seconds is still a mystery for modern scientists even though they are having modern equipments, high capacity telescopes, etc. Starting from sunset up to sunrise, thousands of telescopes observe the far off galaxies and constellations and other heavenly structures that are several thousands and lakhs of light years away from us.
Until 1929, the Universe was accepted to be Static i.e. it was as it is now right from starting and would continue to be like that only. Nothing was changing with time in the Universe. But Dr. Albert Einstein’s General theory of Relativity concluded that Universe was either expanding or contracting. But Einstein was so much determined for the ‘unchanging model’ or ‘static model’ of Universe that he included a cosmological term to his equations. This cosmological term related the, mass and energy in the Universe to the curvature of space-time (This topic of space-time would be discussed later). In this way, he obtained a model of universe that continued forever in the same state.
In 1929, Edwin Hubble discovered that distant galaxies are moving away from us. He observed that the light from the distant stars showed Red Shift in the visible spectrum. He concluded from this observation that Universe is expanding! Einstein later on, after this discovery called the so-called cosmological term of his equations, ‘The Greatest Blunder of my life’.
It is clear that two bodies moving in opposite direction (in one dimensional case) must be at a same point in some distant history. Similarly, the galaxies moving away from each other indicates that they must have originate their path from some same point and some unknown ‘blast’ might have caused them to go away from each other. The density of the universe would be extremely high at this time because as the body contracts, density increases simultaneously.
Would this be the beginning of universe? Of course. Otherwise why would the galaxies be moving apart from each other? The average temperature of the universe, today, is 273.15 degree Celsius below zero. It is a fact that as the matter expands, its temperature decreases rhythmaticaly. This indicates that during beginning, universe must be having a very very high temperature.
Other similar thoughts and logical thinking along with other cosmological studies, scientists have at last formulated out the BIG BANG theory for the origin of Universe. The also found out how did the atomic particles came into existence and star formation took place.
Even after disclosing several hundred and lakhs of questions, the main Big ‘B’ like question: How did the Universe came into existence is still worrying our intelligent scientists. This question is like that old question: Whether the chicken came first or the egg???
This topic had been a controversial factor for discussion since the middle of 17th century, when Bishop Usher, the religious leader of Ireland proposed his philosophical idea about the creation of Universe. According to him, ‘God’ did the creation of Universe on a fixed date and time. This fixed moment was 23rd October 4004 BC, the day was Sunday and the time was 9:00 AM. The Universe presented itself from zero suddenly like ‘instant coffee’. Planets, stars, galaxies, constellations and other cosmological bodies came into existence as suddenly as a flame of candle does. Life also evolved on the earth at that time only.
Don’t you think it is absurd? Yes, it is nothing more than a science fiction. But when Bishop Usher gave this humorous description about Universe, the people accepted it without any argument and understanding.
The answer to the question that Bishop Usher gave within few seconds is still a mystery for modern scientists even though they are having modern equipments, high capacity telescopes, etc. Starting from sunset up to sunrise, thousands of telescopes observe the far off galaxies and constellations and other heavenly structures that are several thousands and lakhs of light years away from us.
Until 1929, the Universe was accepted to be Static i.e. it was as it is now right from starting and would continue to be like that only. Nothing was changing with time in the Universe. But Dr. Albert Einstein’s General theory of Relativity concluded that Universe was either expanding or contracting. But Einstein was so much determined for the ‘unchanging model’ or ‘static model’ of Universe that he included a cosmological term to his equations. This cosmological term related the, mass and energy in the Universe to the curvature of space-time (This topic of space-time would be discussed later). In this way, he obtained a model of universe that continued forever in the same state.
In 1929, Edwin Hubble discovered that distant galaxies are moving away from us. He observed that the light from the distant stars showed Red Shift in the visible spectrum. He concluded from this observation that Universe is expanding! Einstein later on, after this discovery called the so-called cosmological term of his equations, ‘The Greatest Blunder of my life’.
It is clear that two bodies moving in opposite direction (in one dimensional case) must be at a same point in some distant history. Similarly, the galaxies moving away from each other indicates that they must have originate their path from some same point and some unknown ‘blast’ might have caused them to go away from each other. The density of the universe would be extremely high at this time because as the body contracts, density increases simultaneously.
Would this be the beginning of universe? Of course. Otherwise why would the galaxies be moving apart from each other? The average temperature of the universe, today, is 273.15 degree Celsius below zero. It is a fact that as the matter expands, its temperature decreases rhythmaticaly. This indicates that during beginning, universe must be having a very very high temperature.
Other similar thoughts and logical thinking along with other cosmological studies, scientists have at last formulated out the BIG BANG theory for the origin of Universe. The also found out how did the atomic particles came into existence and star formation took place.
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Let us try to understand it step by step.
posted by Pratik Panchal @ 4:26 PM
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